Corn flower specifications
- Scientifically name : Centaurea cyanus
- Order : Asterales
- Family : Asteraceae
- Genus : Centaurea
- Species : C. cyanus
- Native : Asia and Europe
- Other name : bachelor’s button
Corn flower is an annual or perennial plant of the genus centaurea and has a branched stem 25 to 80 cm high. The stem of this plant is greenish white. The leaves are lanceolate and 1–4 cm long. The flowers are most commonly an intense blue colour and arranged in flowerheads (capitula) of 1.5–3 cm diameter, with a ring of a few large, spreading ray florets surrounding a central cluster of disc florets. The blue pigment is protocyanin, which in roses is red. Fruits are approx. 3.5 mm long with 2–3 mm long pappus bristles. It flowers all summer.
This plant grows in Asia and Europe and in some books this plant has been introduced as native to Turkey and Greece, but in general throughout Europe, which has a temperate climate, it is widely used in grain fields, along roadsides and hills.
In what areas do corn flowers grow?
In addition to Europe, the corn flower plant is widely grown in Asia, the Americas and Australia. This plant grows in the northern regions of Iran, Alborz region, around Tehran, Baluchistan, Khorasan, Kurdistan, Kermanshah. In Azerbaijan it can be seen in any barren land.
Iran dried corn flower
Corn flower is one of the most valuable medicinal plants that is grown in Iran by wild flower and can even be cultivated. This plant species has been the basis for the production of many types of drugs in the world that are used in traditional medicine.
In addition to its decorative aspect, dried corn flower is also used in traditional medicine and the pharmaceutical industry. The reasonable price of dried corn flower has made the sale and purchase of dried corn flower for export a huge profit for exporters and wholesalers of dried corn flowers.
read more : Drying natural flowers | Introducing 8 wonderful ways to dry flowers
Types of corn flower
both annual corn flower (Centaurea cyanus) and perennial cornflower (Centaurea montana) typically sport bright blue blooms, they also appear in an array of pink, lavender, violet, purple or white. Cornflowers range in height from tall 3-foot varieties to dwarf cultivars only 6 inches high.
Whether you add them to your perennial garden, grow them for cut flowers or plant them in flowerbeds, cornflowers make a drought-resistant and deer-resistant addition your garden.
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Annual Corn flower
Annual corn flowers ( Centuarea cyanus ), also called bachelor’s buttons or blue bottle, are spring through summer bloomers. In addition to the traditional blue cornflower color, you can find them in violet, pink, lavender and white shades.
The flowers are 1 1/2 inches across with ragged petals. Standard annual varieties grow 2 1/2 to 3 feet tall and spread 6 to 12 inches wide. They may topple over in the wind as they reach their full height, requiring you to stake them. Plant annual cornflowers in cutting gardens and cottage gardens or add them to meadow gardens for a wildflower look. Although considered an annual, these cornflowers tend to self-seed from year to year.
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Dwarf Annual Corn flower
Smaller varieties of annual corn flowers are suitable for planting in flowerbeds and containers. “ Dwarf Blue Midget ” ( Centaurea cyanus ) sports flowers of true blue color. It grows only 6 to 12 inches tall, blooming from June through September. “ Florence Mix ” ( Centaurea cyanus ), another compact cornflower, tops out at 6 to 12 inches tall. In addition to blue flowers, “ Florence Mix ” contains shades of near white, pure white and pink. It blooms from June through August.
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Perennial Corn flower
Perennial corn flower ( Centaurea montana ) is a showy, 2-foot wide and tall plant that blooms from May to June. It displays single 2-inch fringed violet blue flowers with purple to reddish centers. Hardy in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 3 through 8, perennial cornflower is also called mountain bluet. Spreading by underground stolons, perennial cornflower rapidly forms colonies.
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Yellow corn flower
Yellow corn flower is an annual plant of the Asteraceae family. During the growing stage, in the form of roses, they form leaves without spikes (diameter 5-20 cm). As summer approaches, a large number of flowering stems (1 m) produce numerous rotating capitols and produce large numbers of yellow flowers (10-50). The flowers inside the capitule are pollinated by insects. It is a semi-deciduous species and usually dies at the end of summer after completion of breeding.
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Mountain corn flower
Corn flower is a perennial plant of the COMPOSITAE family with the scientific name of Centaurea Montana and is 45 cm high and 60 cm wide. It has lanceolate leaves and bluish-purple flowers that appear from late spring to mid-summer.
Propagation of this plant is possible by sowing seeds in late summer and preparing cuttings in winter.
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c. cyanus l
This perennial plant with long stems and branches is very similar to corn flowers, but its diameter is twice that of flowers. Its size is associated with unusual changes and the growth of central flowers. Its purple color is more pronounced and it also grows with white, yellow and red flowers.
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c.suaveolens ا ( c.odorata hor ) c.moschata
This plant is native to Asia Minor. This plant has many branches and reaches a height of 70-80 cm. Its flowers are very fragrant, they are placed on long and strong stems. The diameter of the flowers is 5-5 cm. This plant have white, yellow, pink, light purple to dark purple flowers.
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c. dealbata
Native to Iran and the Caucasus. Perennial plants reach a height of 1 meter. The simple stem is rarely branched and has pink flowers with a white or pink center.
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c. montana
This type of wild flower is intended for mountainous and high areas with a height of about 50 cm. It is a branch with short, rectangular, branched and hairy leaves, usually with very small purple flowers.
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c. cyanus
This plant has feathery flowers and the sepals of their flowers are wider.
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c. so bright
It is a perennial plant but grows as an annual plant. Because it is used in the first year.
read more : Everything about pot marigold flower : How to Plant & care for them
Care of Corn flower Plants
Corn flower are very low maintenance plants, although they do need regular irrigation to thrive throughout the summer. Removing the flowers as they fade will help to encourage repeat blooming. By late fall, the spent stalks can be pulled out or cut to the ground.
Allow Cornflowers to Self-Seed
While cornflowers are annuals, this flower is self-seeding. When you establish a bed or field, cornflowers will self-sow year after year. If you allow some seed heads to dry on the plants at the end of the growing season, they’ll self-sow for more cornflowers next year. The flowers may even need to to be thinned out to avoid overcrowding.
Propagation of corn flower
Propagation of the plant is done through the ripe seeds of the plant, for which the seeds are sown in late March to mid-April in light and relatively moist soils with sufficient fertilizer.
Harvest time of corn flower
The time of harvesting and collecting the flowers of the plant is from June to the end of summer . Because the flowers appear in accordance with the conditions of the geographical environment between May and August . After collecting the flowers, they are immediately dried naturally in the shade or with a dryer at 40 ° C.
Notice : This article translated by google form Persian language. If you have any question or need more information please contact us or add a comment at the bottom of this page.
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